Decreased Preload: Hypovolemia

Characteristics

• Decreased CVP • Hemorrhage

• Decreased PAWP • Third spacing

• Decreased SV/SI • Diuretics

• Decreased CO/CI • Dehydration

• Decreased SvO2

Treatment

• Increase ventricular end-diastolic blood volume (preload)

• Expected response from treatment

• decreased heart rate

• increased SV/SI

• increased CO/CI

• increased SvO2

• Crystalloids

• normal saline

• lactated ringers

• Colloids

• albumin

• hetastarch

• blood & blood products